Mohammad Reza Anvari
Abstract
Maʾmūn's approach in confronting Imam Riḍā (as) is unique among the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs; because he took a hypocritical approach to the point that he offered the Imam to ...
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Maʾmūn's approach in confronting Imam Riḍā (as) is unique among the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs; because he took a hypocritical approach to the point that he offered the Imam to accept the government and insisted on him accepting this. The purpose of this article is to analyze the encounter of Imam Riḍā (as) with Maʾmūn as a pretender man. Hence, the main question of the article is to achieve the pattern of confrontation of Imam Riḍā (as) in the face of Maʾmūn's hypocritical actions. The research method is text hermeneutics with an "inferential and author-centered" approach. The findings show that the actions of the Imam in the face of Maʾmūn's pretense can be analyzed in the form of "otherness-maker", "revealing", "insightful" and "expedient" actions that the last action of the Imam prevails the previous three actions. All the actions of the Imam are performed in the realm of "divine will". The prevailing spirit of the Imam's actions is "guidance", which looks at both the individual pretender and the general public in Islamic society, and this is the fundamental difference between the Islamic approach and other approaches. The Imam not only considers the guidance of Maʾmūn as a pretending hypocrite, but in this regard he does not hesitate to provide advice and guidance in the interests of the Islamic society and even to reform his government.
